Alkene And Alkyne
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Characteristic Reaction
Electrophilic Addition Reaction
Mechanism
Step 1 : Attack of the electrophile on $\pi$ bond forms a carbocation.
Step 2 : Attack by a nucleophile gives the product of addition.
For e.g.
(i) Addition of water
(ii) Addition of hydrogen halides (where $\mathrm{HX}=\mathrm{HCl}, \mathrm{HBr}, \mathrm{HI}$ )
When electrophiles are: $\mathrm{Cl}^{+}, \mathrm{Br}^{+}, \mathrm{I}^{+}, \mathrm{NO}_{2}^{+}$ or $\mathrm{Hg}^{2+}$ then stereochemistry is important and major product is formed by anti-addition.
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